380 Insert Delete GetRandom O(1)¶
Problem:¶
Design a data structure that supports all following operations in average O(1) time.
insert(val): Inserts an item val to the set if not already present. remove(val): Removes an item val from the set if present. getRandom: Returns a random element from current set of elements. Each element must have the same probability of being returned.
Example:
// Init an empty set.
RandomizedSet randomSet = new RandomizedSet();
// Inserts 1 to the set. Returns true as 1 was inserted successfully.
randomSet.insert(1);
// Returns false as 2 does not exist in the set.
randomSet.remove(2);
// Inserts 2 to the set, returns true. Set now contains [1,2].
randomSet.insert(2);
// getRandom should return either 1 or 2 randomly.
randomSet.getRandom();
// Removes 1 from the set, returns true. Set now contains [2].
randomSet.remove(1);
// 2 was already in the set, so return false.
randomSet.insert(2);
// Since 2 is the only number in the set, getRandom always return 2.
randomSet.getRandom();
Solutions:¶
public class RandomizedSet {
private HashMap<Integer, Integer> numToIndex;
private HashMap<Integer, Integer> indexToNum;
private int size;
private Random r;
/** Initialize your data structure here. */
public RandomizedSet() {
numToIndex = new HashMap<Integer, Integer>();
indexToNum = new HashMap<Integer, Integer>();
size = 0;
r = new Random();
}
/** Inserts a value to the set. Returns true if the set did not already contain the specified element. */
public boolean insert(int val) {
if (!numToIndex.containsKey(val)) {
indexToNum.put(size, val);
numToIndex.put(val, size);
size ++;
return true;
}
return false;
}
/** Removes a value from the set. Returns true if the set contained the specified element. */
public boolean remove(int val) {
if (numToIndex.containsKey(val)) {
int index = numToIndex.get(val);
int lastVal = indexToNum.get(size - 1);
indexToNum.put(index, lastVal);
indexToNum.remove(size - 1);
numToIndex.put(lastVal, index);
numToIndex.remove(val);
size --;
return true;
}
return false;
}
/** Get a random element from the set. */
public int getRandom() {
if (size == 0) {
return -1;
}
int index = r.nextInt(size);
int val = indexToNum.get(index);
return val;
}
}
/**
* Your RandomizedSet object will be instantiated and called as such:
* RandomizedSet obj = new RandomizedSet();
* boolean param_1 = obj.insert(val);
* boolean param_2 = obj.remove(val);
* int param_3 = obj.getRandom();
*/